Why it helps at school
Music lessons change how a child’s brain works.
This is one of the few claims about children’s activities with real experimental evidence behind it. In a study published in Frontiers in Neuroscience, 147 primary school children were followed for two and a half years and randomly assigned to music lessons, visual art lessons, or neither. The children in the music groups improved significantly in planning, inhibition and verbal intelligence compared with the others, and the researchers traced a path from those gains through to better academic scores.
At Northwestern, Nina Kraus and her team measured children’s brains directly with electrodes rather than with pencil and paper tests. After two years of music lessons the children could tell similar speech sounds apart more precisely. That is the same neural machinery reading and language depend on.